Course Description Cause, Course, and Consequences of Common Types of Explosions This 2-day course provides fundamental information on the different types of chemical and physical explosions most commonly encountered in the chemical and petrochemical industries. Primary emphasis is on the cause, course, and consequences of such explosions. Vapor cloud explosions are covered in some detail and other explosions (e.g., dust explosions, pressure vessel ruptures, BLEVEs, condensed phase explosions) are also addressed. Develop Explosion Prevention and Mitigation Strategies Students will gain the knowledge necessary for the identification of explosion hazards, implementation of common prevention and mitigation options, and awareness of when to seek additional assistance. Plant managers, supervisors, engineers, and consultants working with hazardous processes or designing new or modified facilities should consider attending. Accreditation: 1.2 CEUs, 1.2 COCs For more information on this course, contact Customer Service at 1-800-769-1199. Course Highlights Introduction Flammability properties and diagrams Deflagrations and detonations Blast waves and their effects Vapor cloud explosions Dust explosions Physical explosions Reactive chemicals Ignition sources Static electricity Flame and detonation arrestors Explosion protection   Course Outline Introduction Case studies Explosion classifications Definitions Flammability Properties and Diagrams Flammability diagrams Flammability limits Minimum oxygen for combustion Flash point Vapor pressures Autoignition Deflagrations and Detonations Definitions Deflagration pressures Deflagration to detonation transition Detonations Pressure wave shapes Blast Waves and Their Effects Phenomenology Overpressure definitions Blast effects Estimating effects Vapor Cloud Explosions (VCEs) VCEs vs. flash fires Variables affecting VCE damage potential Fuel reactivity Flame speed and burning velocity Baker-Strehlow method TNO multi-energy method TNT equivalent method Dust Explosions Dust explosion requirements Dust explosion characteristics Factors affecting dust explosions Effect of dust concentration Ignition energy Physical Explosions Types of physical explosions BLEVEs Pressure vessel (P-V) ruptures Fireball radiation effects Reactive Chemicals Types of reactive materials Thermodynamics – heat of reaction Self-reactive materials Water-reactive chemicals Addressing reactive chemical hazards Commonly unstable functional groups NFPA 704 reactivity hazard ratings Typical reactive chemical testing Typical causes of runaway reactions Ignition Sources Controlling line current ignition sources Control of static electricity Static Electricity Charging mechanisms Volume and surface resistivity Electrostatic “red flags” Static control Flame and Detonation Arrestors Purpose Where are arresters required? Types of arrestors Alternatives to arrestors Selection and design considerations Explosion Protection Common chemical industry “occupancies” NFPA 101, Life Safety Code® (1997) Building codes Preventing the explosion quadrangle Explosion protection methods For more information on this course, contact Customer Service at 1-800-769-1199.     Walt Frank 1-302-239-0496 wfrank@absconsulting.com You may also fax your questions to 1-865-671-5851 For more information on this course, contact Customer Service at 1-800-769-1199.

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